Lika Mutal
| Nombre | Lia Rosalia Anna María Vermeulen |
|---|---|
| Fecha de nacimiento | 12 de septiembre de 1939 |
| Nacionalidad | Holandesa |
| Seudónimo | Lika Mutal |
| Ocupación | Artista |
| Formación profesional | Escuela de Bellas Artes de la Universidad de Los Andes |
| País de nacimiento | Holanda |
| Fecha de fallecimiento | 07 de noviembre de 2016 |
| País de fallecimiento | Perú |
| Ciudad de fallecimiento | Lima |
Lika Mutal, born Lia Rosalia Anna Maria Vermeulen, was a Dutch artist based in Peru. Known for her stone works that evoke a spiritual and social sense, she reinterpreted the importance of carved works and monoliths as a unique artistic language that allowed her to connect with nature, landscapes, and the environment. Classified as one of the precursors of stone art in Peru, her style and visual concepts consider the lithic works of the pre-Hispanic and ancestral cultures in America.
Biography
Lika Mutal was born in the Netherlands on September 12, 1939. Her parents were in the artistic field, her mother as a pianist and her father was a painter, which produced in Lika an early interest in this field. Years later, she attended Bonifacius College in Utrecht, the Netherlands and during her adolescence performed in various theaters in her native country following her initial urge to become an actor. She later studied art and drama in Amsterdam and Utrecht. In 1962, she married Silvio Mutal, who was working as a heritage researcher, and the couple traveled to Colombia in 1964. In Colombia, she dedicated herself to puppet theater, which she developed as a possibility for expression given her limited knowledge of Spanish at the time.Error en la cita: Etiqueta de apertura <ref> sin su correspondiente cierre </ref> The artist then made a series of works that she called Quipus. For this project, she used materials such as travertine and arranged the work in the form of rings or circles and lines. Later, Juan Arias took the artist to quarries to become familiar with black granite, another material for her works and which again presented an artistic challenge.
During the nineteen seventies, she exhibited her works individually in numerous galleries such as Carlos Rodriguez in Lima in 1972, D'Eendt in Amsterdam in 1974, Daniel Gervis Gallery in Paris in 1976, and the Nouvelles Images Gallery in The Hague in 1978. This stage was decisive in her being recognized internationally for her sculptural handling of stone. In this decade she also participated in group shows organized by the Banco Continental gallery in Lima and at FIAC with Daniel Gervis Gallery in the Grand Palais in Paris.
In the early nineteen eighties she was part of 3000 años de escultura peruana (3000 Years of Peruvian Sculpture), an exhibition organized by the Lima Art Museum. In 1982 and 1984, she participated in the I and II European Sculpture Biennial in Normandy, France. In 1985, the Nohra Haime Gallery in New York began to present numerous exhibitions by the artist and became her principal representation. A year later, in 1986, the artist settled in New York, developing her work simultaneously in the American metropolis and the Peruvian capital. In 1989, she participated in the exhibition The Art of Peru organized by Galerie D'Art Contemporain of Montreal, Canada.
In the early nineteen nineties, Lika Mutal received two awards in Japan during the Fujisankei Biennale, the first being Excellent Maquette, awarded in 1992, and the second being Ueno Royal Museum Prize in 1994.[1] During this stage of her career and much of the noughties, the artist's work became more social and to some extent political. From 2003 to 2007, she exhibited at Galería Lucía de la Puente in the Peruvian capital. In 2015, she presented her exhibition El espejo de piedra (The Stone Mirror) at the Lima Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC).
Characteristics of her work
The work of the Dutch sculptor is notable for the use of materials such as wood, marble, granite, diorite, terracotta, and steel. From her beginnings in art, when she settled in Peru in the late sixties, the artist began to develop a novel view of materiality. Similarly, her principal inspiration came from the carver Juan Arias, from whom she learned the importance of listening to the stones in a spiritual, energetic, and metaphorical sense. Similarly, the lithic components needed to be alive, and so Lika Mutal never considered them to be static.
Her work deals mainly with the multifaceted question of stone, its hidden sides and its relationship with the environment and the territory. On numerous trips across Peru during which she visited deserts, coasts, and mountains, the artist sought the origins of the material in deposits, quarries, or workshops. She also collected experiences and personal moments that allowed her to develop an inner gaze of materiality. Some of her works are accompanied with quartz as an offering, [2]which establishes a very spiritual and symbolic relationship with stone. This same perspective recalls the ancestral background of pre-Hispanic Peruvian cultures such as the Inca, who also approached stone with skill and a sensibility of sacredness.
Lika Mutal gave the numerous compilations of her works generic, metaphorical names. Projects such as Quipus use the name of the Inca accounting system quipu, which the artist took as a central axis with its derivations resembling this indigenous technology[3]. Another group was baptized Laberintos (Labyrinths), which recreates passages and corridors derived from stone. Libros (Books) resemble rectangular pieces of stone attached to an arch. On the other hand, a sense of social critique is also present in the artist's work. Her sculpture and memorial proposal El ojo que llora (The Weeping Eye) includes the names of nearly 27,000 victims of the Peruvian conflict that took place between 1980 and 2000, inscribed in stone. This work is located in Campo de Marte in Lima and was inaugurated in 2005. Lika Mutal's humanistic inclinations were brought out in this sculpture, her thought for the victims and their families, without assuming an extremist position.
Obras destacadas
- 1979: Morada
- 1986: Opening Granite
- 1990: Alpha
- 1992: Labyrinth in Situ
- 2000: Stone Tide
- 2005: El ojo que llora
- 2010: Kuntur Rumi (Piedra del Cóndor)
- 2013-2015: Piedra de Luna Plata
- Piedra Lagartija
- 2014: Illapa
Obras de Lika Mutal en las Colecciones del Banco de la República
| Título | Año | Ubicación | Denominación | Registro |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| De la tierra al mundo | 1998 | Reserva | Escultura | AP4251 |
Cronología
- 1939: nació en los Países Bajos.
- 1962: contrajo matrimonio con Silvio Mutal.
- 1964: llegó a Colombia.
- 1968: se radicó en Lima, Perú.
- 1972: expuso en la Galería Carlos Rodríguez, Lima.
- 1974: expuso en la Galería D’Eendt, Ámsterdam.
- participó de la muestra “Exposición de la Escuela de Artes Plásticas”, Galería Banco Continental, Lima.
- 1976: expuso en la Galería Daniel Gervis, París.
- participó por primera vez de manera grupal en la FIAC Grand Palais, París.
- 1978: expuso en la Galería Nouvelles, La Haya.
- 1982: hizo parte de la exposición “3000 años de escultura peruana” del Museo de Arte de Lima.
- 1982: participó por primera vez en la Bienal Europea de Escultura de Normandía, Francia.
- 1985: presentó su primera exposición individual en la Nohra Haime Gallery, Nueva York.
- 1986: se radicó en Nueva York.
- 1989: participó en la muestra “The Art of Peru” de la Galerie D’Art Contemporain, Montreal.
- 1992: recibió el premio Excellent Maquette en la Fujisankei Biennale, Japón.
- 1994: recibió el premio Royal Ueno Museum Prize en la Fujisankei Biennale, Japón.
- 2005: inauguró su obra El ojo que llora, como homenaje a las víctimas del conflicto armado interno en el Perú.
- 2015: presentó la exposición “El espejo de piedra” en el MAC Lima.
- 2016: falleció en la capital peruana.
Véase también
Referencias
- ↑ Lika Mutal CV. Artnet. http://www.artnet.com/artists/lika-mutal/biography
- ↑ El arte de ser peruano: Lika Mutal. Youtube Revista Cosas. https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=116&v=h3kILLAYk4U&feature=emb_title
- ↑ Op. cit. El arte de ser peruano: un perfil de Lika Mutal…
Bibliografía
1. Moraña, Mabel. (2014). Inscripciones críticas: ensayos sobre cultura latinoamericana. Santiago de Chile: Editorial Cuarto Propio.
2. Rubiano Caballero, Germán. (2001). Art of Latin America 1981-2000. Washington: Inter-American Development Bank.
Colección de arte del Banco de la República
- Visite la obra de Lika Mutal en Colección de arte
Créditos
1. Investigación y texto: Alejandro Lozano, mediador de los Museos y colecciones del Banco de la República, para Banrepcultural.
2. Revisión y edición de textos: Inti Camila Romero Estrada y Diana Marcela Salas Solórzano. Servicios al Público y Educativos, Unidad de Arte y Otras Colecciones (UAOC)
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